The life of Brutus by Plutarch

(1) Marcus Brutus was said to be a descendant of the Junius Brutus who overthrew the last king of Rome in 709 BC. But unlike his ancestor who has harsh and unbending, Marcus Brutus was civilised and softened by philosophy and literature. Contemporaries attributed all that was good in the conspiracy to Brutus and all […]

The Life of Mark Antony by Plutarch

This is one of the longest lives at 87 chapters, longer than Sertorius (27), Crassus (33), Cicero (49), Brutus (53), Caesar (69), Cato the Younger (73) or Pompey (80). Dates and other information in square brackets are not in Plutarch but content I’ve added in to make the account more accurate. Plutarch’s life of Marcus […]

Plutarch’s Life of Cato the Younger

This is one of Plutarch’s longer biographies of eminent Romans, at 73 ‘chapters’ or sections. Marcus Porcius Cato, also known as Cato the Younger (95 to 46 BC), was a conservative Roman senator in the period of the late Republic. He made a reputation for being a stern, inflexible defender of the strictest interpretation of […]

The Life of Julius Caesar by Plutarch

Rex’s reservations The translator of the Penguin edition of Plutarch’s Roman biographies, Rex Warner, offers little one-page introductions before every life. In this one he points out that, as in the Life of Gnaeus Pompey, Plutarch gives little sense of the fraught and violent politics 60s and 50s BC Rome, nor conveys the issue of […]

Plutarch’s life of Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero (106 to 43 BC) Cicero was what the Romans called a ‘new man’, meaning his family had no history of holding office and so qualifying for the senate. Yet he rose to become one of the most eminent Romans of his time, the leading advocate of his day and a key political […]

Plutarch’s life of Pompey

Pompey always maintained that simplicity in his habits which cost him no great effort; for he was naturally temperate and orderly in his desires. (18) Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (106 to 48 BC) This is one of the longest lives, with 80 chapters. Pompey the Great was a boy wonder general, who racked up a series […]

Plutarch’s life of Crassus

Marcus Licinius Crassus (115 to 53 BC) Marcus Licinius Crassus was reputed to be the richest man in Rome due to astute property development and loan making. In 73 BC he was given command of the army charged with putting down the Spartacus rebellion. In 70 he served as consul. Well into middle age, he […]

Plutarch’s life of Lucullus

Lucius Licinius Lucullus (118 to 56) Summary Lucullus was a Roman general and politician during the last century of the Roman Republic, closely linked by family ties and military service with the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Sulla both dedicated his memoirs to Lucullus and made him guardian of his son, after his death in 78 […]

Plutarch’s life of Sertorius

When Penguin Books published Rex Warner’s translation of six of Plautus’s biographies of Roman Republicans they titled the volume Fall of the Roman Republic. The six military and political leaders chosen were Marius (b.157 BC), Sulla (b.138 BC), Crassus (b.115 BC), Pompey (b.106 BC), Julius Caesar  (b.100 BC) and Cicero (b. 106 BC). However, Plutarch […]

Plutarch’s lives of Marius and Sulla (translated by Rex Warner)

Now the generals of this later period were men who had risen to the top by violence rather than by merit; they needed armies to fight against one another rather than against the public enemy. (Doleful reflections of the Amphictyons of Delphi upon being ordered to hand over all their treasure to the Roman general […]